ABSTRACT
Introduction. The swelling of the soft tissues can be studied with a variety of techniques, amongst which the emphasis is on high resolution ultrasound (US) for its high availability. Bone tumors are a very rare cause of increased volume in soft tissue. Before the ultrasound finding of a bone tumor it is important to try to specify their nature to determine the need for additional studies. Objective. To present an ultrasound schema that allows for a better diagnostic approach to the unusual finding of a bone tumor. Method. Retrospective study. All soft tissue ultrasound performed at our institution over a period of five years (2009-2013), were reviewed...
Introducción. El aumento de volumen de las partes blandas puede ser estudiado con una variedad de técnicas, entre ellas destaca el ultrasonido de alta resolución (US) por su alta disponibilidad. Los tumores óseos son una causa muy infrecuente de aumento de volumen de partes blandas. Ante el hallazgo ecográfico de una tumoración ósea es importante intentar especificar su naturaleza para determinar la necesidad de estudios complementarios. Objetivo. Presentar un esquema ecográfico que permita una mejor aproximación diagnóstica ante el hallazgo inusual de un tumor óseo. Método. Estudio retrospectivo. Se revisaron todos los US de partes blandas realizados en nuestra institución por un periodo de 5 años (2009-2013)...
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adolescent , Adult , Female , Infant, Newborn , Infant , Child, Preschool , Child , Young Adult , Middle Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Bone Neoplasms , Osteochondroma , OsteomaABSTRACT
Los estudios por imagen permiten diagnosticar y categorizar un tumor de glándula salival (GS). La punción con aguja fina (PAAF) es una herramienta diagnóstica. El ultrasonido (US) permite visualizar el tumor y guiar la aguja de PAAF. Objetivos: Describir la técnica de PAAF. Revisión retrospectiva de los resultados de PAAF bajo US en tumor de GS. Se analizaron 39 pacientes enviados a PAAF en 5 años. Resultados: 31 lesiones parotídeas y 8 submaxilares. 87 por ciento se presentaron como nódulo hipoecogénico y 69 por ciento con refuerzo posterior. Resultado cito-histológico de 36 PAAF realizadas: 29 lesiones benignas, 6 lesiones malignas, 1 punción frustra. No hubo complicaciones. 21 pacientes operados. Concordancia histológica 85 por ciento . No hubo falsos positivos para cáncer. En conclusión, PAAF bajo US es una herramienta diagnóstica en los tumores de GS.
Imaging studies allow the diagnosis and classification of a salivary gland (SG) tumor. Fine needle aspiration (FNA) is a diagnostic tool. Ultrasound (US) allows the visualization of the tumor and guidance of the needle in FNA. Objectives: To describe the FNA technique. A retrospective review of the results of ultrasound guided FNA in a SG tumor. 39 patients referred for FNA in 5 years, were analyzed. Results: 31 parotid and 8 submaxillary lesions. 87% presented as hypoechoic nodule and 69% with posterior acoustic enhancement. Cyto-histological results of 36 FNA performed: 29 benign lesions, 6 malignant lesions, one failed puncture. There were no complications. 21 operated patients. Histological concordance was 85%. There were no false positives for cancer. In conclusion, FNA using ultrasound is a diagnostic tool in GS tumors.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adult , Female , Middle Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Biopsy, Fine-Needle/methods , Salivary Gland Neoplasms/pathology , Retrospective Studies , Salivary GlandsABSTRACT
Retroareolar cysts are common in pre and postmenarchic girls. Boys are rarely diagnosed with this condition. They correspond to cystic dilatations of the accessory mammary glands that open along with a sebaceous gland at the areola and can be single or multiple, uni or bilateral, palpable or incidental findings on ultrasound. They have variable morphology, thin walls, anechogenic content, sometimes calcic sediment can be observed in their lumen. Infected cysts present enlarged, hypervascularized walls; their content is echogenic, avascular and the adjacent tissue is hyperechogenic, with increased vascularization at color Doppler. If not treated, may become retroareolar abscesses. Inflamatory complications are treated with anti-inflamatory drugs and/or antibiotics. No diagnostic biopsy or puncture aspiration is required, since they are spontaneously drained at the areola. In order to appropriately advise patients and families, it is necessary to have knowledge of both the medical and the ultrasonographic aspects of them and their complications.
Los quistes retroareolares son frecuentes en niñas pre y postmenárquicas. Raramente se diagnostican en el varón. Corresponden a dilataciones quísticas de glándulas mamarias accesorias que se abren junto con una glándula sebácea en la areola, pueden ser únicos o múltiples, uni o bilaterales, palpables o hallazgos incidentales en ecografía. Los no complicados tienen morfología variable, paredes delgadas y contenido anecogénico, pudiendo observarse sedimento calcico en su lumen. Los complicados presentan paredes engrosadas, hipervascularizadas, con contenido ecogénico, avascular, tejidos adyacentes hiperecogénicos y aumento de la vascularización al Doppler color. Sin tratamiento, pueden transformarse en abscesos retroareolares. La complicación inflamatoria se trata con antiinflamatorios y/o antibióticos. No requieren biopsia diagnóstica ni punción evacuadora, puesto que se drenan espontáneamente a la areola. El conocimiento del cuadro clínico y su aspecto ul-trasonográfico permitirá orientar adecuadamente a los pacientes y sus familias.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child , Adolescent , Young Adult , Breast Diseases/diagnostic imaging , Ultrasonography, Mammary , Cysts/diagnostic imaging , Nipples/diagnostic imaging , Breast Diseases/therapy , Clinical Evolution , Retrospective Studies , Cysts/therapy , Abscess , Nipples/anatomy & histologyABSTRACT
La ecotomografía de alta resolución permite una buena demostración de las distintas capas de la piel permitiendo el estudio de las lesiones que la afectan. Se revisa la anatomía y representación ecotomográfica de la piel normal y patológica. El tamaño, características morfológicas, ubicación y capas de la piel comprometidas, así como su patrón vascular son bien estudiados con ultrasonografía, siendo posible en algunos casos llegar a un diagnóstico etiológico. Es también una buena herramienta para guiar estudios biopsicos. Se analizan las lesiones más frecuentes: quistes de la unidad pilosebácea, lipomas, hemangiomas, linfangiomas, pilomatrixomas, bursitis, granulomas por cuerpo extraños y adenopatías.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Skin Diseases , Skin Neoplasms , Ultrasonography , Bursitis , Ganglia/pathology , Ganglia , Hemangioma , Lymphangioma , Lipoma , Lymph Nodes , Pilomatrixoma , Soft Tissue NeoplasmsABSTRACT
Se presenta una comunicación preliminar de la experiencia con el uso del Mammotome bajo estereotáxia para biopsia mamaria en 115 pacientes con 128 lesiones, realizadas en el Servicio de imagenología mamaria de la Clínica Alemana de Santiago entre agosto de 1999 y agosto del 2000
Subject(s)
Humans , Adult , Female , Aged , Middle Aged , Biopsy, Needle , Breast Diseases , Stereotaxic Techniques/instrumentation , Ambulatory Surgical Procedures/instrumentationABSTRACT
Background: Torsion of appendices epiplocae leads to an ischemic infarct of surrounding adipose tissue, causing a syndrome, called Òprimary epiploic appendagitisÓ characterized by acute abdominal pain that can simulate a surgical clinical picture. Aim: To describe the clinical picture, ultrasonographic and computed tomographic features of primary epiploic appendagitis. Material and methods: A report of patients with acute abdominal pain whose diagnosis was a primary epiploic appendagitis, diagnosed and treated in a period of 48 months. Results: fifty five patients (45 males) aged 16 to 76 years old are reported. Their clinical presentation was acute abdominal pain in the left abdominal quadrant in 48, pain in the right lower quadrant in 4 and epigastric pain in two. Two had mild fever and 12 had nausea. Ten perform physical activities prior to the onset of pain. Imaging examinations showed a 1.5 to 5 cm diameter, uncompressible small mass of adipose origin, located anteriorly and anterolaterally, between the colon and the abdominal wall. There were inflammatory phenomena surrounding the lesion and thickening of the neighboring parietal peritoneum. In all cases, the mass gradually subsided with medical treatment. Conclusions: Primary epiploic appendagitis is a relatively frequent cause of spontaneously resolving abdominal pain. It is diagnosed by ultrasound or CT scanning
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Appendiceal Neoplasms/pathology , Appendicitis/pathology , Colon/pathology , Abdomen, Acute/etiology , Diagnosis, Differential , Point-of-Care SystemsABSTRACT
Background: Soft tissue foreign bodies are a frequent cause of consultation in emergency rooms. It is difficult to verify their existence since conventional radiology only detects radio opaque objects. Ultrasound can be a useful diagnostic procedure. Aim: To report our experience in the detection of soft tissue foreign bodies by ultrasound examination. Patients and methods: The ultrasonographic appearance of vegetables, glass and plastic, metal, bone and stones was studied in gelatin preparations. In a second stage, 52 patients (27 male, aged 3 to 88 years old) were studied, in whom the presence of a soft tissue foreign body was confirmed surgically. Results: The mean error of the procedure for the assessment of foreign body size was 0.2 mm in vitro and 0.5 mm in vivo. The deepness and involved planes were correctly diagnosed in 96 percent, the number of fragments were diagnosed correctly in 94 percent of cases. The type of foreign body was identified correctly in 77 percent of cases and complications were detected in 100 percent of cases. Conclusions: Ultrasound is a sensitive and accurate method for the detection of soft tissue foreign bodies
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child, Preschool , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Soft Tissue Injuries , Foreign Bodies , UltrasonographyABSTRACT
Los avances tecnológicos de los últimos años en la resonancia magnética (RM) y la utilización de medio de contraste paramagnético han significado un gran impacto en la imagenología mamaria, especialmente en la evaluación preoperatoria del cáncer y en el seguimiento de los pacientes tratados por el cáncer de mama. En este artículo se resumen los aspectos técnicos de la realización de una RM mamaria, se detallan las principales indicaciones y se mencionan las futuras aplicaciones posibles